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Sains Malaysiana 54(6)(2025): 1499-1508
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5406-06
Potensi Selulosa Bakteria dengan Gabungan Persicaria odorata sebagai Pad Penyerap Makanan Lestari
(Potential of Bacterial Cellulose Enriched with Persicaria odorata as a Sustainable Food Absorbent Pad)
NAFIZ ADHAM OTHMAN1, NUR ‘ALIAH DAUD1,
MAZIAH SUPIAN1, ABDUL SALAM BABJI1,2, NORANIDA RADZUAN3 & NURUL AQILAH MOHD ZAINI1,2,*
1Department
of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor,
Malaysia
2Innovation
Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
3Sri Nona
Food Manufacturing Sdn. Bhd., Rawang Integrated Industrial Park, 48000 Rawang, Selangor,
Malaysia
Diserahkan: 4
November 2024/Diterima: 25 Mac 2025
Abstrak
Pad penyerap makanan kebiasaannya diperbuat daripada bahan polimer tidak terurai seperti polietilena dan polipropilena. Inovasi pada pad penyerap makanan biourai adalah kaedah alternatif untuk memanfaatkan selulosa bakteria sebagai polimer yang mudah terurai. Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk menghasilkan pad penyerap makanan berasaskan selulosa bakteria daripada Komagateibacter xylinus menggunakan minuman kordial tamat tempoh sebagai medium pertumbuhan bakteria. Selain itu, potensi daun kesum Persicaria odorata sebagai agen anti-mikrob turut dikaji. Dua kaedah pengekstrakan iaitu 70% aseton dan air panas telah digunakan. Hasil ekstrak diuji keupayaannya pada analisis anti-mikrob untuk menghalang pertumbuhan bakteria patogen pada kepekatan berbeza (50-250 mg/mL). Hasil menunjukkan bahawa ekstrak aseton P. odorata pada kepekatan 200 mg/mL memberikan zon perencatan tertinggi terhadapEscherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium dan Staphylococcus aureus dengan diameter zon perencatan masing-masing sebanyak 13.33±1.5,
12.67±0.58 dan 13.33±0.58 mm. Perencatan bakteria patogen oleh ekstrak aseton P. odorata adalah lebih baik berbanding ekstrak air panas P.
odorata. Peratus kadar penguraian selulosa bakteria kawalan adalah melebihi 50% dalam tempoh 10 hari dengan nilai 78.60% pada tanah loam dan 54.45% pada tanah pasir. Peratus kadar penguraian selulosa bakteria dengan ekstrak aseton P. odorata menunjukkan corak perkadaran yang sama dengan nilai 67.30% pada tanah loam, 66.35% pada tanah pasir dan 44.32% pada tanah merah. Penghasilan pad penyerap makanan dengan penambahan P. odorata boleh diaplikasikan secara gabungan di dalam pek bungkusan makanan dan berupaya untuk diurai oleh bakteria tanah. Kajian ini menunjukkan potensi selulosa bakteria dengan gabungan ekstrak P. odorata sebagai pembungkus makanan aktif untuk memelihara kebersihan dan keselamatan produk makanan.
Kata kunci: Anti-mikrob; biourai; pad penyerap makanan; Persicaria odorata; selulosa bakteria
Abstract
Food absorbent pads are usually made of
non-degradable polymer materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
Innovation in biodegradable food absorbent pads is an alternative method to
utilize bacterial cellulose as a biodegradable polymer. This study was carried
out to produce food absorbent pads based on bacterial cellulose from Komagateibacter xylinus using expired cordial drink as the bacterial growth medium. In addition, the
potential of kesum leaves Persicaria odorata as an anti-microbial agent was also
studied. Two methods of extraction, namely 70% acetone and hot water were used. The extract
was tested for its ability in anti-microbial analysis to inhibit the growth of
pathogenic bacteria at different concentration levels of 50-250 mg/mL. Results showed that the acetone extract of P.
odorata at a concentration of 200 mg/mL have the highest inhibition zone
against three species of pathogenic bacteria which is Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibition zone
diameter of 13.33±1.5 mm, 12.67±0.58 mm and 13.33±0.58 mm, respectively. The
inhibition of pathogenic bacteria by the acetone extract of P. odorata was better than the hot water extract of P. odorata. The percentage
degradation of control bacterial cellulose was more than 50% within 10 days
with a value of 78.60% at loam soil and 54.45% at sandy soil, in contrast to
red soil with a value of 47.10%. The percentage degradation of bacterial
cellulose with acetone extract of P. odorata showed the same proportion
pattern (>50%) with values of 67.30% at loam soil and 66.35%
at sandy soil. The development of food absorbent pads with the addition of P.
odorata can be applied in combination in the food packaging packs and is
able to be decomposed by soil bacteria. This study showed the potential of
bacterial cellulose with a combination of acetone extract P. odorata as
an active food wrapper with anti-microbial active ingredient content to
maintain the cleanliness and safety of food products.
Keywords: Anti-microbial; bacterial
cellulose; biodegradation; food absorbent pads; Persicaria odorata
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: nurulaqilah@ukm.edu.my
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